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HUMIDITY Measurement of the
humidity/pH level inside the concrete (oxidation risk) OXIDATION Control of the
oxidation state of the steel bars in reinforced concrete structural
elements STRAIN / STRESS Stress control of the
building structure, with miniaturized devices embedded in beams and
columns ACCELERATION Use of accelerometers
integrated in the structure to monitor the dynamic response TEMPERATURE Measurement of the
temperature inside the structural elements to monitor the global behaviour YOUR HOME IN
YOUR HANDS
The monitoring mainly concerns the elements relating to the main
structural nodes, through which detailed information on the working stresses
of the reinforcing bars and concrete is provided. The developed system is an "embedded" type system, inserted
in the structural element to be monitored (beam, pillar, wall) just before
the casting of the concrete, and ends with an external cable for connection
(near the monitored node) to a box, low voltage powered, which provides WiFi with the measured information to send it and a
remote or local Cloud / archive (for example in a technical room of the
building). An intelligent system allows to evaluate in real time the
"logic" of voltage detection, and to produce in real time an analysis
of the detection, and, if necessary, to send an alarm for exceeding a
threshold assumed to be dangerous or at risk. The archive system (locally or on the Cloud) also allows you to carry
out analyzes over time for the stresses, vibrations and the humidity level in
the concrete, being able to process, for example, the variations and the
trends over the time.
THE SYSTEM The monitoring system is intended to be realized during building
erection by installing a number of sensing devices (sensors), which are
suitable to measure the physical quantities of interest, in order to estimate
the current state of materials and, consequently, the actual strength of
structural members, with the aim of assessing the overall safety of the
building. (Applications on existing structures, such as existing buildings,
monuments, bridges, can be considered by tailoring and adapting the system to
the different material and structural typology conditions) The operating monitoring system is integrated in the structure since
the beginning of its life cycle, with sensors installed in the most important
and emblematic locations, and data-collection devices able to transfer
remotely the values measured inside structural elements. Each data-collection device, appearing as a small box placed on a beam
or a pillar, is connected to a subset of sensors, those placed at the closest
reference locations, and it is connected by a local network to the main
data-processing unit. The system can be considered as an Internet of Things (IoT) applied to building structures ADVANTAGES -Great control on whole structure, by using tailored, specific and
smart software; -optimization of the maintenance
activity -Increasing the safety level - Alarm signal or alert at the critical state, as well as standard condition -Negligeable installation and maintenance
cost for the monitoring system, encouraging large diffusion of the system An approximate evaluation of the cost for this kind of monitoring
system range between 1-2 % of the total cost of the building, but involves
more important economic gain, considering, more than safety control, the
non-stop activity and the more effective maintenance.
- The large quantity of collected data every day, month, year, in long
term will be an extraordinaire archive, source of information in order to
follow the continuous behavior of the structure, including specific event,
earthquake, vibrations,overload… - Following the behaviour of the structure it
is possible to analyze, offline, the life evolution and the changes of the
structure, in order to understand in detail the cyclic events, and provide
earlier countermeasure in degenerative situations. |
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